Sign Conventions


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Sign Conventions

Sign Convention:

With spherical mirrors, we generally come across four distances parallel to and two distances perpendicular to the principal axis. Each of these six distances has a particular mathematical quantity associated with it. These quantities are given in table.

Distance Quantity Symbol
From the pole to the object object-distance large u
From the pole to the image image-distance large v
From the pole to the focus focal length large f
From the pole to the centre radius of curvature large r
Height of the object object-height large h_{o}
Height of the image image-height large h_{e}

The above definitions of u and v are for a point object placed on the principal axis. If an object is placed away from the principal axis, u corresponds to the distance from the pole to the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the object to the principal axis. Similarly, v corresponds to the distance from the pole to the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the image to the principal axis. The quantities large h_{o} and large h_{e} are defined for a linear, extended object placed perpendicular to the principal axis.

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Sample Questions
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Question : 1

Which of the following are correct ?

(a) The quantities u and v can be defined for for any object.

(b) The quantities large h_{o} and large h_{e} are defined only or a linear, extended object placed parallel to the principal axis.

(c) Coordinate convention for u, v, f, r are measured from the pole.

Right Option : C
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Explanation
Question : 2

Which of the following are correct ?

(a) When object-height large h_{o}  is positive and the image-height large h_{e} is positive and are of equal value we can say that the image is formed is inverted

(b) When object-height large h_{o} is more that the image-height large h_{e} and both are positive we can say that the image is formed is erect and diminished.

Right Option : A
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Explanation
Question : 3

Which of the following are correct ?

(a) The quantities large h_{o} and large h_{e} are defined only or a linear, extended object placed parallel to the principal axis.

(b) If an object is placed away from the principal axis, v corresponds to the distance from the pole to the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the image to the principal axis.

Right Option : B
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Explanation
 
 
 
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